Elizen

There is only one thing in the world worse than being talked about, and that is not being talked about.

如何写出一篇好文章

Elizen / 2024-03-11


Paul Graham 在The Best Essay中给出了如何写出好文章的答案,更有趣的是,他在这篇文章中也精确地描述了自己一开始构思文章是的误区:

一篇好文章应该是重大的发现,以及能够跨越时间。比如,达尔文的自然选择。

他发现了这件事的不可及性,转而问自己:如何写一篇好的文章。这件事情则变成了程序,有法可依,在文中,他最后给出的答案是:

I started out hoping to get advice about topics; if you assume good writing, the only thing left to differentiate the best essay is its topic. And I did get advice about topics: discover natural selection. Yeah, that would be nice. But when you step back and ask what’s the best you can do short of making some great discovery like that, the answer turns out to be about procedure. Ultimately the quality of an essay is a function of the ideas discovered in it, and the way you get them is by casting a wide net for questions and then being very exacting with the answers.

我最初的目的是寻求关于如何选择话题的建议;如果假设文章的写作本身已经很出色,那么能让一篇文章脱颖而出的,就只剩下话题的选择了。我确实收到了一些建议,比如去探索“自然选择”这样的大主题。当然,能做到这一点肯定是极好的。但如果退一步来看,除了做出那样伟大的发现之外,我们能做的最好的事情,实际上关乎于研究方法。一篇文章的品质最终取决于文章中所探索到的思想,而要发掘这些思想,就需要广泛地提出问题,并且对找到的答案保持极高的要求。

简而言之,要保持好奇心,提出哪怕非常微小的问题,在上面努力,克服一些技巧上困难,重读,重写,不停审视自己的问题。修改,直至完成一篇文章。